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Journal: IEEE Access
Publication Date: 2023
Volume: 11
On Page(s): 105810-105818
Print ISSN: 2169-3536
Online ISSN: 2169-3536
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3319669

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A Robust Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Image Normalization and Contourlet Transform
By
Wu, SB (Wu, Shaobao) [1] ; Wu, ZH (Wu, Zhihua) [1] ; Huang, MX (Huang, Meixuan) [1] ; Shen, DS (Shen, Dongsheng) [2]
Source
Volume11Page105810-105818
DOI10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3319669
Published
2023
Indexed
2023-10-25
Document Type
Article
Abstract
It is a challenging work to solve the geometric attack in the field of digital watermarking. In order to solve the synchronization between the host image and the watermark, image normalization is introduced. Firstly, the geometrically invariant space of image is constructed by using image normalization, and a region of interest (ROI) is obtained from the normalized image by utilizing the invariant centroid theory. Then, the contourlet transform is performed on the ROI. Low-pass sub-band coefficients are divided into non-overlapping blocks. Finally, as the energy of the blocks are not the same, an adaptive quantization step is used to embed the binary watermark information on the maximum singular value of the block. The experimental results demonstrate that the watermarked images exhibit high visual quality, and the scheme is effective against common image processing and geometric distortions.

Keywords
Author KeywordsImage processingDistortion measurementImage normalizationregion of interestcontourlet transformadaptive quantizationgeometric distortions
Keywords PlusDCTSUBSTITUTIONALGORITHM
Author Information
Corresponding Address
Wu, Shaobao
(corresponding author)
Liming Vocat Univ, Sch Informat & Elect Engn, Quanzhou 362000, Peoples R China
Addresses
1 Liming Vocat Univ, Sch Informat & Elect Engn, Quanzhou 362000, Peoples R China
2 Minnan Normal Univ, Coll Comp, Zhangzhou 363000, Peoples R China
E-mail Addresses shao1987.wu@gmail.com
Categories/ Classification
Research AreasComputer ScienceEngineeringTelecommunications
Web of Science Categories
Computer Science, Information SystemsEngineering, Electrical & ElectronicTelecommunications
Funding
Funding agency
Grant number
Research Project of Liming Vocational University LMTD202101
Fujian Educational Committee JAT220712
Language
English
Accession Number
WOS:001080865300001
ISSN
2169-3536
IDS Number
T9BN5

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